Note_A critical history_ch.4_Sturctural Rationalism and the influence of Viollet-le-Duc: Gaudi, Horta, Guimard and Berlage 1880-1910

Modern Architecture_a critical history
Kenneth Frampton
Ch.4 Sturctural Rationalism and the influence of Viollet-le-Duc: Gaudi, Horta, Guimard and Berlage 1880-1910
Viollet-le-Duc
1853_lecture in Ecole des Beaus-Art_Entretien
advocated a return to regional building.
anticipate the Art Nouveau would evolve from structural rationalism.
theoretically free architecture from the eclectic irrelevancies of historicism.

The idea spread into Europe and England.
England:
Sir George Gilbert Scott
Alfred Waterhouse
Norman Shaw
Europe:
Catalan Antoni Gaudi
Victor Horta
Hendrik Petrus Berlage
Gaudi culture background adopted from:
Viollet-le-duc
Ruskin
Richard Wagner
Gaudi archievement adopted from two antithetical impulses:
Revive indigenous architecture.
the compulsion to create totally new forms of expression.

Interior of Casa Vicens